Well I have finally decided to take the leap and record my orchid travels, discoveries and photos in a BLOG so that others may choose to join in my adventures, looking for what I feel are an amazing family of flowering plants that have so many varieties, colours, shapes and sizes that one can not help but be amazed by them. In Western Australia there are two distinct areas that native orchids are found. The South West of Western Australia and in the north starting in the Kimberley. My BLOG will focus on the South West terrestrial orchids due to the massive size of my home state of Western Australia.
Orchidaceae is the family name in scientific speak however I will be using the common name of “Orchid” in my posts. In Western Australia the South West orchid territory ranges from Shark Bay in the Midwest on a diagonal line to Kalgoorlie in the Goldfields and eastwards to Eyre on the Nullarbor plain including the entire South West, Great Southern, South Coastal and Wheatbelt regions.
In this Southern region 28 different genera and over 400 species are found with many yet to be formally named, so as you can imagine tracking down all of these will provide years of adventures for me to fill up my BLOG.
Please note I am a self-taught amateur in Orchid location, Orchid identification and Orchid photography so I would ask for your understanding if I may get it wrong, and would appreciate your feedback, notes and comments to help this little BLOG grow and develop just as my wonderful Orchids do in this great state of Western Australia.
After visiting Dempster Head yesterday another local location was chosen for a quick afternoon visit today. The lake area in Monjingup Reserve has good walk trails which we will transverse whilst looking for any orchids.
Esperance king spider orchid
Caladenia decora
Flowers mid-August to October between Bremer Bay and Cape Arid.
Caladenia decora
Caladenia decora
Green Range donkey orchid
Diuris littoralis
Flowers July to early-September between Denmark and Esperance
Diuris littoralis
Diuris littoralis
It was an enjoyable walk around the walk trails and boardwalks however the reserve has become overgrown with weeds since the bushfire a few years back, so only found two species of orchids in flower.
A local orchid hotspot is the granite headland we call Dempster Head. We also refer to it as the Rotary Lookout for a very obvious reason!! It being a beautiful, cloudless, sunny winters day, what better way to spent it than searching for the usual orchid suspects.
The first orchid found is the Mosquito orchid (Cyrtostylis robusta)which flower between June and August over a southerly range from Perth to Israelite Bay. I located my orchids flowering under overhanding bushes on the walk trail edges. The ground hugging circular leaves grow in large numbers and are what you first notice. Then on a closer inspection you discover a few flowering specimens.
Broad, elongated labellumUp to 8 flowers per plantStand up to 300mm in heightRound ,ground hugging leavesCyrtostylis robusta
Snail orchids are also found scattered around the site. The exact species is difficult to name due to both Pterostylis voigtii and P. meridionalis named as growing in this region. Both these orchids are smaller, grow in shallow soil pockets on granite outcrops, have bloated appearance, flared petals and slightly thickened lateral sepals. Either they are the Eastern granite snail orchid or the Southern thick-sepaled snail orchid. I have named as I believe them to be, however, any assistance in identifying these little guys would be appreciated.
Next up is an orchid that appears to have a restricted range in the Esperance region. The Spectacled donkey orchid (Diuris conspicillata)is listed as growing in shallow soil pockets on coastal granite outcrops in the Esperance area, which Dempster Head is an example of. They get their name from the dark markings on the inner part of the labellum lateral lobes, which gives an impression of wearing glasses. They are found scattered over Dempster Head usually in exposed areas but protected by a surrounding prickly shrub.
Another orchid with round ground hugging leaves is found, also growing underneath over hanging bushes. The Crystal helmet orchid (Corysanthes limpida) is found from Walpole to Israelite Bay growing in sandy soils in coastal woodlands and shrublands. When you come across the leaves you could mistake them for Mosquito orchids however the flowers are much shorter until they are fertilised, at which time the stem can extend up to 300mm in height. Similarly to the Mosquito orchids, many leaves may be found but usually only a handful will produce flowers.
Flower barely 10mm in heightDorsal sepal forms a hoodSide viewLarge incurved labellumRound, ground hugging leavesCorysanthes limpida
Not too bad a day with finding some orchids. Amazingly all orchids found belonged to a different genus. Pterostylis, Cyrtostylis, Diuris and Corysanthes.
Amazingly I am posting this exactly 1 year later. Today however is not a beautiful fine sunny winters day, but a cold overcast winters day, hence I have time indoors to complete this post.
We are on our return trip to WA after visiting QLD for the camel races at Boulia. We are towing our camper trailer with our new Isuzu and decided to camp overnight in the Hattah-Kulkyne National Park in Victoria.
We have a scout around before setting up camp on the 31/07/2025 but find nothing, so end up enjoying a wonderful night around a campfire, with a nearby school camp group keeping us entertained.
The next morning after packing away the camper we look at the display in the Visitors’ Centre before checking out a walk trail near the entrance to the park. It is along this trail that we stumble across, firstly rosettes, then buds and finally fully open snail orchids.
I have decided they may well be the Dwarf greenhood (Pterostylis nana) as Atlas of Living Australia records them at our location.
Many small rosettesFlower in budNearly fully formedFully formed flowerStanding tallFlower and rosette
The next time we successfully find orchids is on the 08/08/2025 at Newman Rocks in Fraser Range back in WA. The area is signposted as being a part of the Ngadju Indigenous Protected Area.
We have a quick scout around the low-lying granite outcrop and locate a few orchids.
Not much found so we move onto Norseman where we stay overnight at the Railway Hotel (The Railway Motel & Woodlands Guesthouse) in one of their offsite motel units. We did get to eat breakfast in the Art Deco style hotel next morning before heading off on our last day of the trip.
A rosette of a Rufa greenhood and leaves of Thelymitra sp. orchids were also found and pics taken. Norseman Heritage Trail completed, so now we move southward towards home.
We decide on one more stop before making tracks for home. We check out McPherson’s Rocks at Bromus Dam. Here we finally find orchids outside of the Pterostylis genus in flower.
Not much to show for a 10000km trip however the majority of the trip was through the arid centre of Australia. Feature image shows the map of our 10000km trek.
13/07/2018 Packed up the camper and headed off up the Coolgardie-Norseman Hwy for a long overdue weekend camping trip. We chose Peak Charles National Park as we had not visited since 2015. This years dry winter allows us to visit, as the roads are usually impassable if wet. Consequently we had never visited [โฆ]
It appears that I ventured out to check on the late season orchids by myself as pictures taken on the Olympus E-M5 Mark II are the only record and they do not have GPS data. So, I will post the pictures and info for each orchid found with no commentary for the outing itself.
Swamp mignonette orchid
Microtis atrata
Flowering season: Sept to Nov.
Range: Jurien Bay to Israelite Bay. Also SA, Vic and Tas.
Habitat: Sandy clay and clay soils in seasonally wet areas.
Microtis atrata
Microtis atrata
Granite china orchid
Cyanicula nikulinskyae
Flowering season: Sept to early-Nov.
Range: Fitzgerald River NP and Israelite Bay.
Habitat: Soil pockets on granite outcrops.
Cyanicula nikulinskyae
Cyanicula nikulinskyae
?? mignonette orchid
Microtis sp.
ID of orchid currently unknown. Posted on iNaturalist for assistance in ID.
Microtis sp.
Microtis sp.
White fairy orchid
Caladenia marginata
Flowering season: Late Sept to Nov
Range: Jurien Bay to Israelite Bay
Habitat: Sandy and sandy-clay soils in seasonally wet flats and runoff areas on granite outcrops.
Rattle Beaks
Lyperanthus serratus
Flowering season: Sept to Nov
Range: Perth to Israelite Bay
Habitat: Sandy, sandy-clay and lateritic soils in forests, woodlands and shrublands.
Lyperanthus serratus
Lyperanthus serratus
5 Different species located. From the species found I believe the location to be east of Esperance.
It is the 20th September and I am participating in the Great Southern BioBlitz (GSB) this year. The GSB runs from the 20th to 23rd of September. The purpose of the GSB is to record as many observations in iNaturalist of any living thing or trace of such (i.e. feathers, footprints etc.). Due to its proximity to Esperance and its unusually high diversity I will be checking out Helms Arboretum (Mud Map SE35). I recorded all species I photographed on iNaturalist but will only record the orchids in this BLOG
Well, you never know what you will come across whilst out exploring for Western Australian terrestrial orchids.
When I initially stumbled across this one orchid, I did not realise its uniqueness.
From what I can tell this orchid has the mixed parentage of the Crimson spider orchid (Caladenia footeana)and Blue beard (Pheladenia deformis). Both of these assumed parents were found in the surrounding bush.
This makes it an intergeneric hybrid, so is very rare.
Due to the rarity of such hybrids, I will keep the location confidential.
After what seems like forever, we finally get back to check out Helms Arboretum to see what is flowering in mid-September.
As expected, we are not disappointed with many different species found.
Listed in no particular order are the orchids found grouped together for recording purposes.
Purple enamel orchid
Elythranthera brunonis
Flower: Aug to early Nov
Elythranthera brunonis
Elythranthera brunonis
Cowslip orchid
Caladenia flava subsp. flava
Flower: Jul to early Dec
Caladenia flava subsp. flava
Caladenia flava subsp. flava
Little pink fairy
Caladenia reptans subsp. reptans
Flower: Jul to early Oct
Caladenia reptans subsp. reptans
Caladenia reptans subsp. reptans
Un-named hybrid orchid
Caladenia flava x C. reptans
Parents flower: July to early Oct / Dec
Caladenia flava x C. reptans
Caladenia flava x C. reptans
Lemon-scented sun orchid
Thelymitra antennifera
Flower: Jul to Oct
Thelymitra antennifera
Thelymitra antennifera
?? snail orchid
Pterostlyis sp.
Unsure of ID.. Possibly the un-named species assigned to Helms Arboretum
Pterostylis sp.
Pterostylis sp. rosette
Bee orchid
Diuris laxiflora
Flower: Sept to early Nov
Diuris laxiflora
Common bee orchid
Diuris decrementa
Flower: Late Aug to early Nov
Diuris decrementa
Diuris decrementa
Red beaks
Pyrorchis nigricans
Flower: Aug to Oct
Pyrorchis nigricans
Pyrorchis nigricans
Un-named hybrid orchid
Thelymitra antennifera x T.graminea
T. antennifera flowers: Jul to Oct
Thelymitra antennifera x T. sp?
Thelymitra antennifera x T. sp?
Shy sun orchid
Thelymitra graminea
Flower: Sept to mid-Nov
Thelymitra graminea
Thelymitra graminea
Thelymitra graminea
Thelymitra graminea leaf
Thelymitra graminea
Esperance king spider orchid
Caladenia decora
Flower: Mid-Aug to Oct
Caladenia decora
Caladenia decora
Heberle’s spider orchid
Caladenia heberleana
Flower: Sept to Oct
Caladenia heberleana
Caladenia heberleana
Un-named hybrid spider orchid
Caladenia decora x C. longicauda
I have decided name this hybrid the Esperance spider orchid due to both parents being names Esperance King and Esperance White respectively.
Flower: Aug to Oct
Caladenia decora x C. longicauda
Caladenia decora x C. longicauda
Rattle Beaks
Lyperanthus serratus
Flower: Sept to Nov
Lyperanthus serratus
Lyperanthus serratus
Zebra orchid
Caladenia cairnsiana
Flower: Aug to early-Nov
Caladenia cairnsiana
Caladenia cairnsiana
Esperance white spider orchid
Caladenia longicauda subsp. crassa
Flower: Aug to early-Oct
Caladenia longicauda subsp. crassa
Caladenia longicauda subsp. crassa
?? spider orchid
Caladenia sp.
Appears to be further Caladenia longicauda. However, they do not have the usual white colouring or the red labellum of a C.decora hybrid.
Caladenia sp.
Caladenia sp.
Esperance white spider orchid
Caladenia longicauda subsp. crassa
Hypochromic variant
Caladenia longicauda subsp. crassa
Caladenia longicauda subsp. crassa
Common mignonette orchid
Microtis media subsp. media
Flower: Sept to Jan
Microtis media subsp. media
Well, it was an amazing day out in the Arboretum, with the finds including 3 different hybrids and a hypochromic variant. Species from 8 different genera were located which confirms this location to be one of the premier spots in the SE Coastal area of WA.
Unfortunately, in the summer of 2024/25 an uncontrolled bush fire destroyed large areas of the arboretum and to this day (12/06/2026 it is closed to the public.
Fingers crossed it will be open before the 2026 season is finished.